{"product_id":"4012-5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f5","title":"5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40F5","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis compact (0.6″×0.6″) switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator efficiently generates \u003cstrong\u003e5 V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages as low as 1.3 V and handles continuous input currents up to around 4 A. ( \u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V, but it operates down to 1.3 V after that.) The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e Overview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption right\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11497.1200.jpg?b332e0c65cc7211564c50e45d583afee\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id voltage regulator u3v40fx bottom view with dimensions. data-picture-id=\"0J11497\" data-picture-longest_side=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11497.300.jpg?b332e0c65cc7211564c50e45d583afee\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe U3V40Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are high-efficiency synchronous switching regulators that generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 1.3 V. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V; see the \u003ca href=\"#connections\"\u003econnections section\u003c\/a\u003e for details.) The regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 9.5 A while boosting, and the input current can typically be as high as 4.5 A for several seconds before the thermal protection activates. Input currents of around 3.5 A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow. For boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the \u003ca href=\"#maxcurrent\"\u003emaximum continuous output current section\u003c\/a\u003e below for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, soft-start, programmable under-voltage lockout, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The U3V40x family includes five versions with fixed output voltages ranging from 5 V to 12 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/4012\"\u003eU3V40F5: Fixed 5V output\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/4013\"\u003eU3V40F6: Fixed 6V output\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/4014\"\u003eU3V40F7: Fixed 7.5V output\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/4015\"\u003eU3V40F9: Fixed 9V output\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\t \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/4016\"\u003eU3V40F12: Fixed 12V output\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp class=\"note\"\u003e We manufacture these boards in-house at our Las Vegas facility, which gives us the flexibility to make these regulators with custom fixed output voltages between 2.7 V and 16 V. If you are interested in customization, please \u003ca href=\"\/en\/contact\"\u003econtact us\u003c\/a\u003e . \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center\"\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"max-width: 400px\"\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11515.1200.jpg?efa7fe38ddac9bee39015d3f05c64e66\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id voltage regulator u3v40fx side view. data-picture-id=\"0J11515\" data-picture-longest_side=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11515.400.jpg?efa7fe38ddac9bee39015d3f05c64e66\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"max-width: 400px\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40Fx, side view.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\n Details for item #4012\n\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003e Features and specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Output voltage: 5 V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Input voltage: 1.3 V to 5 V (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V; see the \u003ca href=\"#connections\"\u003econnections section\u003c\/a\u003e for details.)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\t \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 90% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the \u003ca href=\"#efficiency\"\u003eefficiency graph\u003c\/a\u003e below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Switching frequency: ~600 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Power-save mode with ultrasonic operation that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency, but keeps it above the audible range (20 kHz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Typical no-load quiescent currents under 2 mA (see the \u003ca href=\"#quiescent\"\u003equiescent current graph\u003c\/a\u003e below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e 9.5 A switch allows for:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Instantaneous input currents up to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Input currents up to 4.5 A for several seconds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Input currents up to 4 A for prolonged durations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Integrated protections:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Over-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Soft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Cycle-by-cycle input current limiting to 9.5 A while boosting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Compact size: 0.6″ × 0.6″ × 0.22″ (15.2 × 15.2 × 5.6 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e Weight: 1.5 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"connections\"\u003e Connections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11525.1200.jpg?cf192293237bc42594ffd7a1d0b754fa\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id diagram of the step-up voltage regulator u3v40fx. data-picture-id=\"0J11525\" data-picture-longest_side=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11525.500.jpg?cf192293237bc42594ffd7a1d0b754fa\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e , must initially be at least 2.7 V and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.) Once the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as 0.8 V and the regulator will continue to operate. However, for VIN voltages below 1.3 V, an external source must be used to supply the EN pin (with 1.3 V or more) to keep the regulator enabled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator's soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. In our testing that allowed it to start into moderately sized capacitive loads (a few hundred µF) without issue. However, the U3V40Fx regulators do not have short-circuit protection so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or loads that draw excessive in-rush currents. We do not recommend using them with super capacitors or constant current loads beyond their maximum continuous ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The regulator is enabled by default: a 30 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin to VIN. The enable pin can be driven low (under 0.4 V) to disable the regulator and put the board into a low-power state. However, please note that due to their standard boost regulator topology, the U3V40Fx family of regulators has\u003cins\u003e no way of disconnecting power from the load \u003c\/ins\u003e, so the input voltage will pass directly through to VOUT when the regulator is disabled. The quiescent current draw is typically under 2 mA with no load (see the \u003ca href=\"#quiescent\"\u003equiescent current graph\u003c\/a\u003e below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e By adding a resistor R between EN and GND, it is possible to set a precise low-VIN cutoff threshold. The following equations show the relationship between the cutoff voltage in volts and R in kΩ:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\" class=\"math\"\u003e ``R = (text(36.9)) \/ (V_text(cutoff ) – 1.38)``\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003e Included hardware \u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center\"\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"max-width: 300px\"\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11495.1200.jpg?cd50c986c217c5ac968181a5f73c1a89\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id voltage regulator u3v40fx with included hardware. data-picture-id=\"0J11495\" data-picture-longest_side=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11495.300.jpg?cd50c986c217c5ac968181a5f73c1a89\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"max-width: 300px\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40Fx, with included hardware.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/category\/28\/solderless-breadboards\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e , \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/category\/19\/connectors\"\u003econnectors\u003c\/a\u003e , and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 6×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/965\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e or the 6×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/967\"\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e that is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The connections for VIN and GND are duplicated allowing two header pins to be used for each connection. Note that each header pin is only rated for 3 A (6 A combined per pair), and solderless breadboards are usually not intended to handle more than a few amps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003e Typical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, the U3V40F5 regulator has an efficiency of 90% to 95% for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center wide\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11501.1200.png?0e6d1eea144ab40b494882b4de20392a\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"wide zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id efficiency of step-up voltage regulator u3v40f5. data-picture-id=\"0J11501\" data-picture-longest_side=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11501.600.png?0e6d1eea144ab40b494882b4de20392a\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003e Maximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e The maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center wide\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11506.1200.png?46d237af939f5bb7bd487ffc10ebb80c\" class=\"noscript-fallback\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"wide zoomable\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id maximum continuous output current of step-up voltage regulator u3v40fx. data-picture-id=\"0J11506\" data-picture-longest_side=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11506.600.png?46d237af939f5bb7bd487ffc10ebb80c\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n \u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003e Quiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e The quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module's EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws about 35 µA per volt on VIN. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ctable class=\"picture_with_caption center wide\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" class=\"wide\" data-gallery-pictures=\"[{\" id quiescent current of step-up voltage regulator u3v40fx. data-picture-id=\"0J11507\" data-picture-longest_side=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J11507.600.png?c751a60ba83c2f098309800bd6238b40\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003e LC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 11 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator. An electrolytic capacitor (33 μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e More information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J16\"\u003eUnderstanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/a\u003e .\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"2-4 Weeks","offer_id":47696746774873,"sku":"POL-4012","price":11.64,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 day","offer_id":47886011728217,"sku":"POL-4012\/A","price":11.64,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0781\/1009\/7753\/files\/0J11490.1200.jpg?v=1705457250","url":"https:\/\/robot-italy.com\/en\/products\/4012-5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f5","provider":"Robot Italy","version":"1.0","type":"link"}